Bent flyvbjerg - Jun 22, 2020 ... We will use the recent controversy between Hirschman and Flyvbjerg to trace this academic imposition to a narrow notion of a project and to find ...

 
Bent Flyvbjerg, Making Social Science Matter: Why Social Inquiry Fails and How It Can Succeed Again. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2001), 204 pp., 20.00 (paper). - Volume 71 Issue 3. Phone number sign up

Bent is the author or editor of 10 books and more than 200 papers, translated into 20 languages, including Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition (2014) and this year’s How Big Things Get Done. He has received numerous honours and awards, among them a knighthood and two Fulbright …Bent Flyvbjerg Professor and Founding Chair of Major Programme Management Said Business School Oxford University Draft 9.2 Full reference: Bent Flyvbjerg, 2014, "What You Should Know about Megaprojects and Why: An Overview," Project Management Journal, vol. 45, no. 2, April-May, pp. 6-19, DOI: 10.1002/pmj.21409 Bent Flyvbjerg is a world-renowned scholar on megaprojects and cities, and the most cited author on behavioural science. He works for better management of megaprojects and cities, and has consulted on some of the largest projects in the world. He is the author of 10 books and 200+ papers, and has received a knighthood and two Fulbright Scholarships. Bent Flyvbjerg. University of Oxford - Said Business School; IT University of Copenhagen; St Anne's College, University of Oxford. Date Written: May 25, 2022. Abstract. How should government and business solve big problems? In bold leaps or in many smaller moves? We show that bespoke, one-off projects are prone to poorer outcomes than …Bent Flyvbjerg. 2001. Making Social Science Matter: Why Social Inquiry Fails and How It Can Succeed Again. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 204 pp. ISBN: 0 521 77568 X.So I returned to Denmark and my professorship to carry out that research, first at Aalborg University and later Delft University of Technology in The Netherlands, the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and the IT University of Copenhagen back in Denmark. 8 Flyvbjerg, Bent, 2017, "Introduction: The Iron Law of Megaproject Management ...In comparison, Flyvbjerg et al (2002) found average cost overruns in major transportation projects of 20 percent for roads, 34 percent for large bridges and tunnels, and 45 percent for rail; Ansar et al. (2014) found 90 percent overrun for megadams; and Budzier and Flyvbjerg (2011) 107 percent for major IT projects, …There is a significant body of work on the concept of deception in mega projects relating to cost and benefit outcomes (Flyvbjerg, 2005 (Flyvbjerg, , 2007 (Flyvbjerg, , 2009 (Flyvbjerg, , 2014 ...Sep 28, 2021 · See all articles by Bent Flyvbjerg Bent Flyvbjerg. University of Oxford - Said Business School; IT University of Copenhagen; St Anne's College, University of Oxford. Dirk W. Bester. University of Oxford Abstract. Scale-up is the process of growing a venture in size. The paper identifies modularity and speed as keys to successful scale-up. On that basis four types of scale-up are identified: Smart, dumb, forced, and fumbled. Smart scale-up combines modularity and speed. Dumb scale-up is bespoke and slow, …Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor at Oxford University and the VKR Professor at the IT University of Copenhagen, an economic geographer, and “the world’s leading megaproject expert,” according to global accounting network KPMG. He has consulted on over one hundred projects costing $1 billion or more …Professor Bent Flyvbjerg is the Executive Chairman of Oxford Global Projects. He has 30+ years of experience as an advisor to government and business, including the US, UK, and Chinese governments, Fortune 500 companies, and top consultancies. Flyvbjerg is the most cited scholar in the world on project management.― Bent Flyvbjerg, Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition. 4 likes. Like “Infrastructure is the great space shrinker, and power, wealth and status increasingly belong to those who know how to shrink space, or know how to benefit from space being shrunk.” Bent Flyvbjerg Titles . Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair in Major Program Management; First BT Professor and Inaugural Chair in Major Program Management, University of Oxford; Making Social Science Matter. Bent Flyvbjerg. 2012, In Georgios Papanagnou, ed., Social Science and Policy Challenges: Democracy, Values, and Capacities, Paris: UNESCO Publishing, pp. 25-56. If we want to empower and re-enchant social scientific research, we need to do three things. First, we must drop all pretence, however indirect, at ... Megaproject expert Professor Bent Flyvbjerg’s new book, How Big Things Get Done: The surprising factors behind every successful project, from home renovations …Abstract. Niccolò Machiavelli, the founder of modern political and administrative thought, made clear that an understanding of politics requires distinguishing between formal politics and what later, with Ludwig von Rochau, would become known as Realpolitik.Bent Flyvbjerg is professor of planning in the Department of Development and Planning at Aalborg University, Denmark. He was twice a Visiting Fulbright Scholar to the United States, where he did research at University of California–Los Angeles, University of California–Berkeley, and Harvard University.Bent Flyvbjerg leder en banebrydende forskningsindsats ved Oxford Universitet, der har udviklet den største forskningsbaserede database i verden vedrørende IT-projekters performance. Formålet med forskningsindsatsen og databasen er at udvikle og teste grundlæggende teorier om dybe risici i IT-investeringer, der …116 quotes from Bent Flyvbjerg: 'Also, the technologically high-risk Apollo aerospace programme is considered a classic success story of megaproject planning and implementation. The cost overrun on this US$21 billion project was only 5 per cent. Few know, however, that the original budget estimate included US$8 billion of …Bent Flyvbjerg. University of Oxford - Said Business School; IT University of Copenhagen; St Anne's College, University of Oxford. Alexander Budzier. University of Oxford - Saïd Business School. Daniel Lunn. University of Oxford - Department of StatisticsBent Flyvbjerg is professor of planning in the Department of Development and Planning at Aalborg University, Denmark. He was twice a Visiting Fulbright Scholar to the United States, where he did research at University of California–Los Angeles, University of California–Berkeley, and Harvard University.Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor and Chair at Oxford University and the VKR Professor and Chair at the IT University of Copenhagen. He is the most cited scholar in the world in project ...Mar 24, 2023 · Bent Flyvbjerg, Professor at IT-University of Copenhagen and University of Oxford, has recently had his book How Big Things Get Done published. The book has received a spectacular welcome and a massive press coverage worldwide. During Bent Flyvbjerg’s long career he has specialized in so-called mega-projects – a phenomena that covers ... Abstract. If the new fin de siècle marks a recurrence of the real, Bent Flyvbjerg’s Rationality and Power epitomizes that development and sets new standards for social and political inquiry ...Sep 28, 2021 · See all articles by Bent Flyvbjerg Bent Flyvbjerg. University of Oxford - Said Business School; IT University of Copenhagen; St Anne's College, University of Oxford. Dirk W. Bester. University of Oxford n THE FINDINGS . Megaprojects are not only large; they are growing larger at an accelerating pace. The four sublimes: Technology, Politics, Economy, and Aesthetics. …Bent Flyvbjerg. Flyvbjerg has co-authored a new book on the subject with journalist and author Dan Gardner. How Big Things Get Done looks at where megaprojects succeed and fail and the lessons that can be learned. He believes that, although there has been little improvement in the success of …Bent Flyvbjerg es profesor de la Universidad de Oxford y de la Universidad IT de Copenhague, geógrafo económico y "el mayor experto mundial en megaproyectos", según la red global de firmas de servicios profesionales KPMG. Ha ejercido como consultor para más de cien empresas valoradas en más de mil millones de …Bent Flyvbjerg. Emeritus Professor. Bent was the first BT Professor of Major Programme Management at Saïd Business School. He held the post until September …Flyvbjerg B, 2004, “Megaprojects and risk: A conversation with Bent Flyvbjerg” Critical Planning 11 51–63. Google Scholar. Flyvbjerg B, 2005a, “Design by deception: The politics of megaproject approval” Harvard Design Magazine number 22, Spring/Summer, 50–59. Google Scholar.A common feature of the construction industry is that it is highly project-based due to the building of most of its critical infrastructure (Flyvbjerg et al., 2003; Gil & Tether, 2011;Ruuska et al ...Megaproject expert Professor Bent Flyvbjerg’s new book, How Big Things Get Done: The surprising factors behind every successful project, from home renovations to space exploration, digs deep into what makes major projects a success and how these factors can be replicated across any project, no matter what size. Think slow, act fast. …n THE FINDINGS . Megaprojects are not only large; they are growing larger at an accelerating pace. The four sublimes: Technology, Politics, Economy, and Aesthetics. …Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner's "How Big things Get Done" stems from Flyvbjerg's work at Oxford university studying megaprojects. Image courtesy of Penguin Random House. January 25, 2023.Alle bøger af Bent Flyvbjerg. Født: 10 december 1952 i Danmark. Kendt som: Professor. Udvalgte bøger: How Big Things Get Done (2023), Megaprojects and Risk (2003), Samfundsvidenskab som virker (2009) Bent Flyvbjerg er en internationalt anerkendt forsker og professor. Han er oprindeligt uddannet cand.scient i geografi og økonomi samt dr. techn.Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor and inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management at the University of Oxford's Saïd Business School and the Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair at the IT University of Copenhagen. He is the most cited scholar in the world in project management. His books and … Bent Flyvbjerg (født 10. december 1952) er en internationalt kendt dansk samfundsforsker, som især beskæftiger sig med at undersøge og skabe teorier for store anlægsinvesteringer. Han er uddannet cand.scient i geografi og økonomi og blev i 1979 ansat ved Aalborg Universitet , hvor han blev dr.techn. i 1991 . From Bent Flyvbjerg, Rationality and Power: Democracy in Practice, trans. Steven Sampson, pp. 225±36, 272±5. # 1998 by The University of Chicago. rationality and power 319 Most people interested in politics know one or more ``Aalborg Stories,'' and the policy studies literature is replete with examples of failed policies, …Bent Flyvbjerg. 27/01/2024. 1 Media contribution. Press/Media: Press / Media. Solenergi boomer verden over. Bent Flyvbjerg. 19/01/2024. 1 Media contribution. Press/Media: Press / Media. Forsidehenvisning: Solenergi boomer i hele verden - om få år kan strømmen være gratis midt på dagen. Bent Flyvbjerg.Feb 7, 2023 · Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor at Oxford University and the VKR Professor at the IT University of Copenhagen, an economist, and “the world’s leading megaproject expert,” according to global accounting network KPMG. He has consulted on over one hundred projects costing $1 billion or more and has been knighted by the Queen of Denmark. Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor and inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management at the University of Oxford's Saïd Business School and the Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair at the IT University of Copenhagen. He is the most cited scholar in the world in project management. His books and articles have been …Bent Flyvbjerg leder en banebrydende forskningsindsats ved Oxford Universitet, der har udviklet den største forskningsbaserede database i verden vedrørende IT-projekters performance. Formålet med forskningsindsatsen og databasen er at udvikle og teste grundlæggende teorier om dybe risici i IT-investeringer, der …Bent Flyvbjerg, OBE, is renowned as a groundbreaking researcher and an authoritative figure in Megaproject Management and Planning, offering profound insights into the complexities of large-scale project execution.As a speaker, Flyvbjerg elucidates the myriad dynamics of project conception and execution, …Bent Flyvbjerg, Chi-keung Hon, Wing Huen Fok; Major Programme Management. Does infrastructure investment lead to economic growth or economic fragility? Evidence from China (opens in new window) Journal article OXFORD REVIEW OF ECONOMIC POLICY 28-7-2016; Atif Ansar, Bent Flyvbjerg, ...Mar 12, 2016 · Bent Flyvbjerg, 2017, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management, Oxford University Press, Chapter 1, pp. 1-18. 21 Pages Posted: 12 Mar 2016 Last revised: 29 May 2017 Jun 13, 2023 ... This is a rehearsal of a presentation that I gave to the INCOSE Resilient Systems Working Group on June 14th, 2023. In this presentation ...Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor at Oxford University and the VKR Professor at the IT University of Copenhagen, an economic geographer, and “the world’s leading megaproject expert,” according to global consulting network KPMG. He has consulted on over one hundred projects costing $1 billion or more and has been knighted …Bent Flyvbjerg shows that rationality is context-dependent and that the crucial context is determined by decision-makers' power. Power blurs the dividing line between rationality and rationalization. The result is a rationality that is often as imaginary as the time in Little Town, yet with very real social and environmental …Aug 13, 2018 ... Oxford economist Bent Flyvbjerg says he used to be overconfident when investing. His own research has taught him to use index funds instead.The paper presents a promising new approach to mitigating such risk based on theories of decision-making under uncertainty, which won the 2002 Nobel Prize in economics. First, the paper documents inaccuracy and risk in project management. Second, it explains inaccuracy in terms of optimism bias and strategic misrepresentation.Flyvbjerg Case Study Summary. In his dissertation, Bent Flyvbjerg examines the definition of a case study. In doing so, Flyvbjerg points out five common misunderstandings about the validity of case studies and provides explanations to contest and refute the misconceptions. To elucidate, the Flyvbjerg’s identifies the …For decades, most mass shootings in America have been carried out by males. Is mass murder a primarily male phenomenon? Find out at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement When we think of "m...Feb 28, 2024 ... This is the 3rd part of the interpretation(summary) of 'How Big Things Get Done. (by Bent Flyvbjerg )':Industrialization of Creativity.Professor Bent Flyvbjerg vender tilbage til den danske universitetsverden. Det oplyser Velux Fondene i en pressemeddelelse.. Flyvbjerg har gennem flere år været ansat på Oxford Universitet som BT Professor og Chair i Major Programme Management, men skal nu være Villum Kann Rasmussen-professor ved IT-Universitetet i København.If you’ve recently discovered that your vehicle’s subframe is bent, you may be wondering about the cost of repair. Bent subframes can occur due to accidents, rough road conditions,...It is an issue of some contestation as to whether generalization is an appropriate requisite to demand of case study research in any case. The author argues that the critique is misdirected, and based on Bent Flyvbjerg’s concept of a “critical case,” ways of generalizing from case studies are indicated (Iran/Iraq War of 1980).Oct 30, 2020 ... Reference Class Forecasting in 90 Seconds, with Professor Bent Flyvbjerg. Major Projects Association Knowledge Community•2.5K views · 3:59. Go ...Misinformation about costs, benefits, schedules, and risks is the norm. If you’re involved in megaprojects — as a citizen, politician, planner, or manager — here are ten things you should know, or you’ll be … Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor at Oxford University and the VKR Professor at the IT University of Copenhagen, an economist, and “the world’s leading megaproject expert,” according to global accounting network KPMG. He has consulted on over one hundred projects costing $1 billion or more and has been knighted by the Queen of Denmark. Nov 20, 2019 · Expert analysis by Saïd Business School suggests megaprojects are often commissioned for the wrong reason and due to their size and complexity, are pre-determined to systemic failure. Recent private and public remedies to mitigate against these failure factors suggest improvement is starting to take effect. In recent weeks, the subject of the ... Last updated March 20, 2024. How to say bent flyvbjerg in English? Pronunciation of bent flyvbjerg with 1 audio pronunciation and more for bent flyvbjerg.Understanding what distinguishes the triumphs from the failures has been the life’s work of Oxford professor Bent Flyvbjerg. In How Big Things Get Done, he identifies the errors that lead projects to fail, and the research-based principles that will make yours succeed: Understand your odds. If you don't know them, you won't win. Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor and inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management at the University of Oxford's Saïd Business School and the Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair at the IT University of Copenhagen. He is the most cited scholar in the world in project management. Bent Flyvbjerg is a professor and researcher in the field of urban geography and planning, with a focus on the relationship between power and rationality in urban policy and planning, particularly megaprojects. Flyvbjerg's books combine both theory and research.Bent Flyvbjerg is a Danish economic geographer. He was the First BT Professor and Inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management at Oxford University's Saïd Business School (retiring from the post in 2021) and is the Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair of Major Program Management at the IT … See moreJan 30, 2023 · In this episode of The Thinking Leader Bryce Hoffman and Marcus Dimbleby talk with Bent Flyvbjerg, the world's leading megaproject expert, economic geographe... Oct 5, 2023 ... Project Management Journal® has awarded its “2023 Most Cited Paper of the Last 10 Years” award to Bent Flyvbjerg for his article, ...Twitter now classifies American news nonprofit NPR the same way that it handles RT, the infamous Russian state-backed mouthpiece After taking over last year, Twitter’s new owner ha...22. Fem misforståelser om casestudiet Bent Flyvbjerg Denne artikel undersøger fem udbredte misforståelser vedrørende casestudiet som forskningsmetode: (1) teoretisk viden er mere værdifuld end praktisk viden; (2) man kan ikke generalisere ud fra enkelttilfælde, og derfor kan enkeltstående casestudier ikke bidrage til videnskabelig udvikling; (3) …Parents, you’ve heard the advice: When taking a long flight or road trip with little kids, make sure to bring activities. And so you do. As soon as the young travelers buckle their...Emeritus Professor. [email protected]. +44 (0)1865 288851. Saïd Business School. University of Oxford. Park End Street. Oxford. OX1 1HP. Profile. Bent Flyvbjerg was the first BT Professor of Major …Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor and inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management at the University of Oxford's Saïd Business School and the Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair at the IT University of Copenhagen. He is the most cited scholar in the world in project management.Understanding what distinguishes the triumphs from the failures has been the life’s work of Oxford professor Bent Flyvbjerg. In How Big Things Get Done, he identifies the errors that lead projects to fail, and the research-based principles that will make yours succeed: Understand your odds. If you don't know them, you won't win.Bent Flyvbjerg is the first BT Professor and inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management at the University of Oxford's Saïd Business School and the Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair at the IT University of Copenhagen. He is the most cited scholar in the world in project management. His books and … Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition is a 2003 book by Bent Flyvbjerg, Nils Bruzelius, and Werner Rothengatter, published by Cambridge University Press.According to chief economist and director of transportation policy at Infrastructure Management Group, Inc., Porter K. Wheeler, "this book makes an important contribution to understanding the infrastructure development process ... Bent is Emeritus Professor at the University of Oxford and is the most cited scholar in the world on the ... This week’s guest on Cleaning Up is Bent Flyvbjerg. Bent Flyvbjerg. 2011, In Norman K. Denzin and Yvonna S. Lincoln, eds., The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, 4th edition, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 301-316. At the same time that case studies are widely used and have produced canonical texts, it may be observed that the case study as a methodology is generally held in low regard, or is ...We interviewed Bent Flyvbjerg, who has extensively studied megaproject development. Flyvbjerg has found sys- tematic problems in the development process: by intentionally misrepresenting information and deliberately disregarding risks, proponents instigate projects that result in fewer benefits and higher costs …In this episode of The Thinking Leader Bryce Hoffman and Marcus Dimbleby talk with Bent Flyvbjerg, the world's leading megaproject expert, economic geographe...Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition is a 2003 book by Bent Flyvbjerg, Nils Bruzelius, and Werner Rothengatter, published by Cambridge University Press.According to chief economist and director of transportation policy at Infrastructure Management Group, Inc., Porter K. Wheeler, "this book makes an important contribution to understanding the …

Bent has lent his name to the so-called ‘Flyvbjerg Debate’, which is a debate over the role of social science in society in response to his book Making Social Science Matter. His research is widely cited in academia, policy, practice and media. Find out more about Bent’s research. Recent Publications. Google Scholar: https://bit.ly/3uCiWJ3 . Southernbank com

bent flyvbjerg

Bent Flyvbjerg1 [C]onduct has its sphere in particular circumstances. That is why some people who do not possess theoretical ... points can be found in Flyvbjerg (2001, Chaps. 2–4). For reasonsFlyvbjerg B, 2004, “Megaprojects and risk: A conversation with Bent Flyvbjerg” Critical Planning 11 51–63. Google Scholar. Flyvbjerg B, 2005a, “Design by deception: The politics of megaproject approval” Harvard Design Magazine number 22, Spring/Summer, 50–59. Google Scholar.Aug 2, 2023 · Professor Bent Flyvbjerg, First BT Professor and Inaugural Chair of Major Programme Management, Oxford University’s Saïd Business School and Villum Kann Rasmussen Professor and Chair of Major Program Management, IT University of Copenhagen, the author of How Big Things Get Done and Megaprojects and Risk, joined the Secretary in the July 26 ... 22. Fem misforståelser om casestudiet Bent Flyvbjerg Denne artikel undersøger fem udbredte misforståelser vedrørende casestudiet som forskningsmetode: (1) teoretisk viden er mere værdifuld end praktisk viden; (2) man kan ikke generalisere ud fra enkelttilfælde, og derfor kan enkeltstående casestudier ikke bidrage til videnskabelig udvikling; (3) casestudiet egner sig bedst til udvikling ... Dec 30, 2021 · Optimism bias can be traced to cognitive biases, that is, systematic deviations from rationality in the way the mind processes information. These biases are thought to be ubiquitous. In planning and management, an optimistic cost or schedule estimate will be low, leading to cost and schedule overrun. From Bent Flyvbjerg, Rationality and Power: Democracy in Practice, trans. Steven Sampson, pp. 225±36, 272±5. # 1998 by The University of Chicago. rationality and power 319 Most people interested in politics know one or more ``Aalborg Stories,'' and the policy studies literature is replete with examples of failed policies, …Bent Flyvbjerg. University of Oxford - Said Business School; IT University of Copenhagen; St Anne's College, University of Oxford. Allison Stewart. University of Oxford; University of Oxford - Said Business School. Date Written: June 1, 2012. Abstract. Do different types of megaprojects have different cost overruns? …Bent Flyvbjerg ... Bent Flyvbjerg (født 10. december 1952) er en internationalt kendt dansk samfundsforsker, som især beskæftiger sig med at undersøge og skabe ...Bent Flyvbjerg. University of Oxford - Said Business School; IT University of Copenhagen; St Anne's College, University of Oxford. Allison Stewart. University of Oxford; University of Oxford - Said Business School. Date Written: June 1, 2012. Abstract. Do different types of megaprojects have different cost overruns? …Bent Flyvbjerg ... Bent Flyvbjerg (født 10. december 1952) er en internationalt kendt dansk samfundsforsker, som især beskæftiger sig med at undersøge og skabe ... Bent Flyvbjerg Professor and Founding Chair of Major Programme Management Said Business School Oxford University Draft 9.2 Full reference: Bent Flyvbjerg, 2014, "What You Should Know about Megaprojects and Why: An Overview," Project Management Journal, vol. 45, no. 2, April-May, pp. 6-19, DOI: 10.1002/pmj.21409 So I returned to Denmark and my professorship to carry out that research, first at Aalborg University and later Delft University of Technology in The Netherlands, the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and the IT University of Copenhagen back in Denmark. 8 Flyvbjerg, Bent, 2017, "Introduction: The Iron Law of Megaproject Management ... World expert Bent Flyvbjerg and bestselling author Dan Gardner reveal the secrets to successfully planning and delivering ambitious projects on any scale. Nothing is more inspiring than a big vision that becomes a triumphant new reality. Think of how Apple’s iPod went from a project with a single ... Bent Flyvbjerg leder en banebrydende forskningsindsats ved Oxford Universitet, der har udviklet den største forskningsbaserede database i verden vedrørende IT-projekters performance. Formålet med forskningsindsatsen og databasen er at udvikle og teste grundlæggende teorier om dybe risici i IT-investeringer, der …There's more at stake in gambling wins than for the Super Bowl. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its partners. I agree to Money's ...No stay in Princeton is complete before you’ve been to Bent Spoon and sampled some of their gelato. Welcome to Princeton, New Jersey, site of the fourth-oldest college in the US. F...Bent Flyvbjerg. Emeritus Professor. Bent was the first BT Professor of Major Programme Management at Saïd Business School. He held the post until September ….

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